NEW CONSTITUTION BY SADAT HASSAN MANTO

                                                          STYLISTIC ANALYSIS:
Setting:

This story is written in sub-continent, at the time when English people were ruling the whole sub-continent.

Plot:

This story has linear plot. All the events are set in a series of order and a story has a proper beginning, middle and end. The has all the important parts of plot as follows;

Introduction:

"The New Constitution" the main character is Ustad Mango who runs a Tonga. "The New Constitution" is basically translated from Urdu and its writer is the greatest short story writer of sub-continent. His name is Sadat Hassan Manto. In the story Ustad Mango was deceived due to his thinking. He thought that the new constitution which had been announced by the government will change the life of the poor. And there would be the equal opportunities for the poor and needy. He also thought that now the rich people would not be able to take the advantage on the poor people. but these were all his thoughts.

Rising:

The rise of action starts when mango heard about the new constitution, a new law. This could give reveal to the poor.

Climax:

Ustad mango thinks that now new constitution has been made so he beat a gora (an English man officer).

Falling of action:

Ustad mango could not figure out what was happening to him. He has taken to the police station for his blunder.

Characters:

There are many characters in this story but the main character is ustad mango the Tonga wala.

Narration:

The narrator of this story is selective omniscient.

Conclusion:

The story has chronological order. Whole plot of the story has properly designed. Narrator has properly introduced his characters. The story criticized on the politicians.

The constitutions have been made but practically no steps took for their implement.

Politicians came and make amendment in the constitutions for their own self. The poor people elect them and hope that they will do something for the welfare of poor but it doesn’t happen.











                                                                   Thematic analysis:

In the story "The New Constitution" the main character is Ustad Mango who runs a Tonga. "The New Constitution" is basically translated from Urdu and its writer is the greatest short story writer of sub-continent. His name is Sadat Hassan Manto. In the story Ustad Mango was deceived due to his thinking. He thought that the new constitution which had been announced by the government will change the life of the poor. And there would be the equal opportunities for the poor and needy. He also thought that now the rich people would not be able to take the advantage on the poor people. He thought that everything would be changed after the New Constitution. This story is written basically keeping the background of Indian Constitution Act of 1935 before the freedom of sub-continent. That Act was only for the elite class. So this thing has been mentioned in the story "The New Constitution." Hence this thing deceived Ustad Mango and he thought that every thing will be changed from 1st April which was the date of implementing the New Constitution. That's why Ustad Mango was disillusioned on first April.

Ustaad Mangu was extremely happy to hear of the New Constitution because for him the constitution meant freedom from the rule of foreigners. He felt that with the implementation of the new Constitution, everyone seemed to be talking about, their country would be granted independence and that is the one thing he craved more than anything as he condemned the oppression of the outside, 'gora' rulers. He felt that this New Constitution would give the Muslims of the Sub-continent a new identity and they would be able to live their lives according to their own religion and culture without having to fear the interference of foreign rulers. These possibilities were the cause of Ustaad Mangus happiness and to show his euphoria he decorated his tonga with a valuable piece he bought a long time ago. On the supposed day of the implementation of the new Constitution Ustaad mangu set off from home earlier than usual which also indicates his enthusiasm and happiness.

Ustad Mangu's were with the Gora soldier was motivated by his deep seated hatred against the English. He came to know that on 1st April, a new constitution was going to be enforced in India. It was government of India act 1935. With the enforcement of this act, everything was going to change in favor of the working class. The people of the working class were going to get equal human rights with the enforcement of this act. Ustad Mangu rose up early in the morning and came out on the road on 1st April. He found that nothing had changed in the cantonment.
He happened to pick a row with a Gora soldier. He was under the illusion of new constitution. He recognized that he was the same Gora who insulted him last year. Now the time has changed. Now equal human rights have been restored. The Gora told Ustad Mangu that he wanted to go to the dancing girl's bazaar; ustad demanded Rs.5 as fare the Gora showed his this pleasure at it. He insulted ustad mangu.
Ustad Mangu looked at him with great contempt. Then he raised his arms and hit him in the chin. He was sent to prison and was told that it was the same old constitution.
Ustad Mangu was justified in beating the Gora for his deep seated hatred against the British and for there inhuman treatment to the English Indians.

Mango is a character of story the new constitution. He has a great heater against British people who are the ruler on Indian people. So Mango drives a Tonga.